On the Use of FOPID Controllers for Maintenance Phase of General Anesthesia

This paper investigates the performance achievable with a fractional-order PID regulator controlling Depth of Hypnosis (measured via Bispectral Index Scale) through administration propofol during maintenance phase total intravenous anesthesia. In particular, two different methodologies were applied to tune controller: in first case, genetic algorithms (GAs) used minimize integrated absolute error, while second isodamping approach—a method that targets margin invariance respect process dc gain—was employed. both cases, was extensively analyzed and compared standard controller by simulating multiple patients Monte Carlo method. The results demonstrate can be effectively control Hypnosis, but improvement is marginal.